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Men and women who are expectant parents have different stress reactions to relationship conflict, according to researchers at Penn State, who studied couples expecting their first child. In addition, recovery from the initial reaction to conflict also can be different for men and women, depending on individual difficulties, such as anxiety, or relationship difficulties, such as chronic relationship conflict.
The researchers found that men's increased stress levels -- measured by the amount of the stress hormone cortisol -- during a conflict discussion depended on the level of hostility the couple expressed. More hostility led to a larger stress reaction for men, but the stress levels of pregnant women during the discussion were not linked to the amount of hostility expressed.
The team also found that recovery from the conflict discussion -- measured by assessing cortisol levels 20 minutes later -- did not differ for men and women with low levels of anxiety. However, men with a high level of anxiety recovered less, whereas women with high anxiety recovered more if the couple had expressed a high level of hostility during the discussion. The same pattern was found for men and women who reported low versus high levels of chronic, unresolved relationship conflict.
"Hostility and negativity in a relationship has been shown to have a major impact on mental health and the future well being of the couple," said Mark Feinberg, research professor in the Prevention Research Center for the Promotion of Human Development at Penn State. "It is especially important to understand how relationship conflict may affect stress during pregnancy, as maternal stress has been linked to health problems for both the mother and child. And men who have difficulty dealing with stress could end up reacting angrily to future disagreements, which could affect the quality of the relationship, parent-child relations and children's adjustment."
The researchers recruited 138 heterosexual couples expecting their first child (82 percent were married) to participate in the study. In their own homes, the expectant parents separately completed questionnaires regarding their relationship experiences and individual qualities, attitudes and well-being. Interviewers videotaped two six-minute interactions of each couple discussing something not related to the relationship. Next, the couples were asked to discuss three problems in their relationship, such as money and housework.
During the home interviews, the researchers collected three saliva samples from each of the participants in order to measure the amount of cortisol contained within the saliva. They collected the first baseline sample prior to videotaping the interactions among the participants. They collected the second sample after the conflict discussion to examine the participants' reactivity to the conflict. They collected the third sample 20 minutes after the second sample to assess whether cortisol levels had gone back down as they typically due after a brief stressor, indicating recovery from the stress of the conflict.
As expected, the researchers found that greater hostility in a conflict discussion led to increased levels of cortisol, indicating greater physiological stress, for men. The same pattern was not found for women. However, the researchers noted this may be due to the fact that women's cortisol levels are already high during pregnancy.
In examining the participants' recovery to conflict, men with a high level of anxiety recovered less, whereas women with high anxiety recovered more. The same pattern was found for men and women who reported low versus high levels of chronic, unresolved relationship conflict.
The research findings appeared in the British Journal of Psychology at the end of the week of October 15.
"We found that all men appeared to find hostility stressful," said Feinberg. "For generally anxious men, more expressed hostility was also linked to more persistence of this elevated stress. On the other hand, generally anxious women experienced relatively more prolonged stress when there were lower levels of negativity and hostility expressed during the discussion. We speculate that these anxious women, as well as women in relationships in which chronic arguing is a feature, find the airing of differences, even when the tone turns negative, to be reassuring that the couple is engaged with each other. This may be particularly important for women during the vulnerable period of their first pregnancy. It would be useful for couples to understand that they need to carefully balance the apparently beneficial effects that discussing difficult relationship topics had for some women with the apparently negative effects it has on some men."
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Penn State: http://live.psu.edu
Thanks to Penn State for this article.
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Wainwright baffles S.F. batters as St. Louis takes Game 4 and leads NLCS 3-1
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St. Louis'?Pete Kozma is congratulated by Daniel Descalso after scoring on an RBI double by John Jay. The Cardinals won Thursday's Game 4 of the NLCS.
Associated Press Sports
updated 12:22 a.m. ET Oct. 19, 2012
ST. LOUIS - One more win and another bunch of wild-card Cardinals get their chance to repeat.
Adam Wainwright threw seven innings of four-hit ball and St. Louis roughed up Tim Lincecum and the San Francisco Giants in an 8-3 rout Thursday night that gave the Cardinals a 3-1 lead in the NL championship series.
The defending World Series champions can wrap up their second straight pennant as a wild card with a victory at home Friday night in Game 5. Lance Lynn faces Giants lefty Barry Zito, and a Cardinals win would set up a 2006 World Series rematch with Detroit.
"We've got to close them out tomorrow," Wainwright said.
Matt Holliday, Jon Jay and Yadier Molina had two RBIs apiece to lead a 12-hit outburst by a team that batted just .198 through the first three games against San Francisco.
"They had their backs against the wall against the Reds and won three in a row, so we've still got our work cut out for us and this series is by no means over," Holliday said.
Lincecum was a bust in his first postseason start since the 2010 World Series clincher over Texas, giving up four runs in 4 2-3 innings.
The two-time Cy Young Award winner with the quirky delivery earned a shot based on nearly spotless relief work earlier in the postseason but reverted to regular-season form, when he was 10-15 with a 5.18 ERA, worst among qualifying starters in the National League.
Wainwright was a glorified cheerleader while rehabbing from reconstructive elbow surgery during the Cardinals' improbable title drive last fall after earning the wild card on the final day of the season and then upsetting the favored Phillies, Brewers and Rangers to give manager Tony La Russa a chance to retire on top.
Under rookie manager Mike Matheny, the 88-win Cardinals were the final team to qualify this year, too. Once again, they've stepped up their game.
Wainwright bounced back from a poor outing in Game 5 of the NL division series against Washington, striking out five and walking none for his first postseason victory as a starter.
"It was a big motivator," he said. "I know that I'm good enough to pitch in the postseason, to carry this team deep into the game, give them a quality game, a quality outing. Last time I didn't do it but I knew tonight if I just believed in myself and went out there and executed pitches I would be in good shape."
The lone damage against Wainwright came on Hunter Pence's first homer and RBI of the postseason, a second-inning clout estimated at 451 feet that soared over the visitor's bullpen into the left-center bleachers to cut the Cardinals' lead to 2-1.
Now, the 14-game winner is on the verge of his first World Series as an active player since striking out Brandon Inge as the stand-in closer for injured Jason Isringhausen in the 2006 clincher over the Tigers.
"This whole experience is so special as it is," Wainwright said. "But to get back to that World Series is always the way to go."
Holliday wasn't surprised by Wainwright's strong performance.
"You expect Adam to pitch well and pitch like an ace, and he did," Holliday said. "His curveball was really good. He located his fastball. No surprise. We all expect Adam to pitch the way he pitched tonight, but sometimes things like the Washington game happen. But he's tough as nails. We knew he'd pitch well."
Just 12 pitches in, the Cardinals had two hits and the lead, and Lincecum got a visit from pitching coach Dave Righetti. Jay opened the first with a single, Matt Carpenter walked on four pitches and Holliday singled up the middle for the lead. Allen Craig tacked on a sacrifice fly.
"I've just been working on my swing and I felt more comfortable tonight," Holliday said. "I was able to get some pitches to hit and hit them hard and good results, that always helps the confidence."
Lincecum escaped trouble in the second after issuing two more walks, one of them on five pitches to Wainwright. The Cardinals missed a chance to add on after Pete Kozma reached on third baseman Pablo Sandoval's fielding error to open the inning when he was thrown out trying to steal.
Lincecum had retired eight in a row before running into trouble in the fifth.
Carpenter doubled off the top of the wall in right-center with one out. He held up until Holliday's single fell in front of fast-charging center fielder Angel Pagan, but third base coach Jose Oquendo aggressively waved Carpenter home.
The relay from shortstop Brandon Crawford was in time, but it short-hopped catcher Hector Sanchez and Carpenter scored on a headfirst slide to make it 3-1. Molina's two-out RBI single made it 4-1 and was the knockout blow for Lincecum.
"He gave us all he had out there," Giants manager Bruce Bochy said. "That was his last inning and he was close to getting out of that inning. He made a great effort on that ball and good throw. We had him at home plate and it's still 2-1. That's a big play in the game."
Pence, who called himself "the goat" of Game 3 after stranding seven runners, hit the second-longest home run by an opposing player at 7-year-old Busch Stadium with a 451-foot drive that sailed over the visitor's bullpen into the bleachers in left-center.
Holliday's RBI single was the first by a Cardinals starter since Carlos Beltran's two-run homer in the fourth inning of Game 1. Holliday entered 2 for 12 in the NLCS with no RBIs.
Sandoval hit a two-run homer in the ninth, but the NL West champs are on the brink of elimination.
"We have all the confidence in Barry," Bochy said. "We do need to get the bats going. They've been shutting us down."
? 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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Can Cardinals close it out?
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St. Louis rolls in Game 4 ? |? Jay hot at home
Adam Wainwright baffled San Francisco batters, while St. Louis roughed up Tim Lincecum during an 8-3 Game 4 victory in the NLCS and moved one victory from reaching its second consecutive World Series.
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Increased food costs and the challenges associated with distribution, quality assurance and inventory management topped the agenda at the National Restaurant Association's fall Supply Chain Management Executive Study Group summit in Orlando, Fla.
Committee chairman David Parsley, senior vice president of supply chain management for casual-dining company Brinker International, said the summit's primary goals included providing attendees with an opportunity for discussion on their respective best practices.
"Supply chain does not represent just one function," he said. "It stretches across all disciplines from the raw material to what we put in front of the guest. This meeting provides a forum for supply chain leaders to get together and talk about what the supply chain has to bear."
Parsley also noted that the group, which meets twice a year, is committed to providing perspective and guidance on emerging issues that affect the supply-chain side of the foodservice industry.
Speakers at the summit, held Oct. 15-16, included Charlie Arnot, chief executive of the Center for Foodservice Integrity, who asserted that today's restaurateurs must combine science and social responsibility in order to appeal to consumers and succeed in business.
"There is more pressure on brands now to change what happens in the supply chain," Arnot said. "Science in and of itself is not sufficient. In today's environment, you must consistently maintain social license. If the public trusts you to do what's right, you won't need to add restrictions."
The summit also hosted a session on how sustainable foodservice packaging is gaining traction in the industry and changing the way operators conduct their business. Moderated by Jeff Clark, a sustainability consultant for the NRA, the panel featured speakers Jim Hanna, director of environmental impact for Starbucks Coffee Company, Natha Dempsey, vice president of the Foodservice Packaging Institute, and Steve Sugden, director of sales for foodservice packaging manufacturer Genpak LLC.
The FPI's Dempsey said her group has a number of resources to offer restaurateurs seeking packaging options. "The tools are out there," she said.
Genpak's Sugden noted that questions still remain on whether consumers would be willing pay more for sustainably packaged products to offset operators' increased costs for those materials.
"The jury is still out, but it seems like they are [willing]," he said. "The bottom line is consumers are in favor of recycling, but [we don't know if] that ends at home."
Sugden added that more consumer information, education and understanding of sustainability is needed.
Rounding out the meeting were a session on the State of the Supply Chain in Foodservice, which featured an in-depth look at the results of new Technomic study on industry supply chain winners, and a presentation on Leadership and the Art of Influence, with Doug Waltman, president of the Kansas City Leadership Institute.
Detroit Tigers' Justin Verlander throws in the ninth inning during Game 3 of the American League championship series against the New York Yankees Tuesday, Oct. 16, 2012, in Detroit. (AP Photo/Matt Slocum)
Detroit Tigers' Justin Verlander throws in the ninth inning during Game 3 of the American League championship series against the New York Yankees Tuesday, Oct. 16, 2012, in Detroit. (AP Photo/Matt Slocum)
Detroit Tigers' Phil Coke reacts after striking out New York Yankees' Raul Ibanez for the final out during Game 3 of the American League championship series Tuesday, Oct. 16, 2012, in Detroit. (AP Photo/Charlie Riedel)
New York Yankees' Robinson Cano waits in the eighth inning during Game 3 of the American League championship series against the Detroit Tigers Tuesday, Oct. 16, 2012, in Detroit. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya )
Detroit Tigers' Miguel Cabrera celebrates during Game 3 of the American League championship series against the New York Yankees Tuesday, Oct. 16, 2012, in Detroit. The Tigers won 2-1. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya )
Detroit Tigers' Prince Fielder, left, and Miguel Cabrera celebrate after Game 3 of the American League championship series against the New York Yankees Tuesday, Oct. 16, 2012, in Detroit. The Tigers won 2-1. (AP Photo/Charlie Riedel)
DETROIT (AP) ? Justin Verlander and Detroit's stellar starters are on quite a roll ? no matter who is in the opposing lineup.
Verlander took a shutout into the ninth inning and the Tigers held on to beat New York 2-1 Tuesday night for a 3-0 lead in the AL championship series. Yankees manager Joe Girardi changed his batting order again, benching Alex Rodriguez and Nick Swisher in an effort to snap his team out of an untimely hitting funk.
No such luck.
"I have seen a lot of teams shuffle around a lot of lineups when I am out there, so it doesn't really faze me one way or the other if those guys are in there or not," Verlander said. "I just need to come up with the game plan to face the certain guys that I am going to face. I can't say I was surprised, but that's Girardi's decision, not mine."
Phil Coke gave up consecutive singles with two outs in the ninth before striking out postseason star Raul Ibanez for his second save in two games. Detroit can complete a sweep and earn its second pennant in seven years Wednesday night when Max Scherzer pitches against Yankees ace CC Sabathia.
"We put ourselves in a decent position, but that's all we have done," Tigers manager Jim Leyland said.
Verlander allowed only a pair of singles by Ichiro Suzuki and a leadoff homer by Eduardo Nunez in the ninth. Delmon Young hit a solo home run for the Tigers, and Miguel Cabrera had an RBI double.
Yankees starter Phil Hughes was lifted in the fourth because of a stiff back, but right now it's the Yankees' hitting that has them on the brink of elimination. New York is batting .182 for the series and .200 during the postseason.
"There were some good at-bats tonight. The ball was not carrying tremendously well tonight, we know that," Girardi said. "But I think he ended up with three strikeouts. So our guys put the ball in play and tried to get on base, but, you know, when you face Verlander, you know what you're up against."
Seeking their first World Series title since 1984, the Tigers were on a historic pitching run even before their ace took the mound Tuesday. With the exception of a four-run ninth inning against Detroit closer Jose Valverde in Game 1, New York had been shut out for the entire series.
Nunez's homer snapped a scoreless streak by Detroit starters of 30 1-3 innings. That's a record for a single postseason, according to STATS LLC. The previous mark of 29 innings was set by Oakland in 1974.
Verlander fell just short of a second straight shutout after stopping the Athletics in the decisive fifth game of the division series. He struck out only three but kept New York off the scoreboard until the homer to left field by Nunez, the first run allowed by the powerful right-hander since he gave up a leadoff homer to Coco Crisp in Game 1 of the ALDS.
Nunez was at shortstop because Derek Jeter broke his ankle in Game 1 and will miss the rest of the season.
Verlander got Brett Gardner on a tapper before he was lifted after 132 pitches, one shy of his career high set in Game 5 of last year's ALCS against Texas.
"Normally I guess you don't take Secretariat out in the final furlong, but that was pretty much it for him," Leyland said.
Coke came in and allowed two-out hits to Mark Teixeira and Robinson Cano, with the latter snapping a drought of 29 at-bats without a hit.
An anxious Verlander paced in the dugout and rubbed the bald head of a teammate before Ibanez, who hit tying and winning homers in the same game in the ALDS against Baltimore and tied Game 1 of this series with a homer in the ninth, struck out swinging at a breaking ball to end it.
"I've got faith in our bullpen. Coke did a great job in New York. He's done a great job for us all year, so I was OK with it," Verlander said. "And I was up around 130 pitches or so, so I don't think they're just going to leave me out there and sacrifice the rest of the postseason just for this game, especially when Coke's been throwing the ball extremely well."
The game ended with Nick Swisher on deck to pinch-hit, not Rodriguez. Girardi said he let Ibanez bat because he has been coming through with big hits and he figured the Tigers could replace Coke with right-hander Joaquin Benoit if a pinch-hitter came up.
Rodriguez also was benched for Game 5 against Baltimore after he was pulled for pinch-hitters in the previous two games. A-Rod is 3 for 23 (.130) without an RBI or extra-base hit this postseason, his latest October flop. The numbers are especially ugly against right-handers: 0 for 18 with 12 strikeouts.
The three-time AL MVP was not available to reporters before or after the game.
Verlander, the reigning AL MVP and Cy Young Award winner, nearly became the first pitcher in 24 years to throw consecutive shutouts in the postseason, according to STATS LLC. Orel Hershiser did it for the Los Angeles Dodgers in 1988, blanking the New York Mets in Game 7 of the NL championship series and the Oakland Athletics in Game 2 of the World Series.
Valverde's meltdown nearly cost Detroit the first game of this series, but the Tigers were able to win 6-4 in 12 innings. Coke closed out a 3-0 victory in Game 2 and was able to hold on Tuesday in a tense final inning.
Hughes matched Verlander in a scoreless duel until Young led off the Detroit fourth with a line drive over the wall in left field. It was his seventh homer in the last two postseasons ? he's already the Tigers' career leader in that department.
"I knew I hit it hard enough, but we weren't in Yankee Stadium, so I had to wait an extra 30 feet for it to land," Young said.
Andy Dirks followed with a walk, and Hughes was pulled with an 0-2 count on Jhonny Peralta. David Phelps came on and got out of the inning, but the Yankees now have a pitching injury to go along with all their hitting problems.
"We will see how he is tomorrow and we'll see what we have tomorrow, which will determine what we do," Girardi said.
Hughes allowed a run and three hits in three-plus innings. He walked three and struck out one.
"It started to tighten up on me in the third. It wasn't too bad and I was trying to stay in the game but they decided with the way things were going to go to the bullpen," Hughes said. "I wanted to stay in. It wasn't so bad that I couldn't pitch. Joe didn't want to take any chances."
The Yankees kept it close, dodging several Detroit rallies. The Tigers added an unearned run in the fifth when Eric Chavez ? Rodriguez's replacement at third ? misplayed a grounder. Cabrera, the AL Triple Crown winner, followed with an RBI double.
Cabrera has a 16-game hitting streak in LCS play, breaking a tie for that record with Manny Ramirez and Pete Rose, according to STATS.
Cabrera hit into a double play with the bases loaded in the sixth, preventing the Tigers from adding more runs.
NOTES: The Tigers sent RHP Marcelo Carreno and cash to the Cubs to complete an Aug. 5 trade in which Detroit acquired utility man Jeff Baker from Chicago. ... Cabrera moved from his usual third base spot to where the shortstop would normally play as part of a defensive shift against Teixeira in the fourth ? then had to run all the way back to catch a popup in foul ground. ... Nunez's homer snapped a streak of 37 innings by Detroit starters without allowing an earned run, the longest in a single postseason in the live-ball era. The starters for the 1905 New York Giants threw 44 straight innings without allowing an earned run for the postseason record, according to STATS.
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Many people get an uneasy feeling or become uncomfortable and shy when put in social situations. It is normal to feel nervous or a little bit antsy when you are dealing with new things or meeting new people in your life. But how do you know if you have social anxiety disorder symptoms?
Do you often or consistently worry of bad things that might happen to you or to your loved ones? People who have social anxiety are regularly anxious and uncomfortable when they deal with different situations with people, even daily activities.
When they are given an activity or faced with something that they should do with others, they initially become uncomfortable because they think of things that can go wrong. They over analyze the situation and make all the details a lot more complicated than they really are.
Thinking about things like accidents or other unfortunate things that may happen can be very self destructive because even if they have mustered enough courage to do the task at hand, their fear of the things that might go wrong will get the best of them. No matter how skillful or talented they maybe, they will not know that they are competent and they will only think about their weaknesses.
They will keep on thinking about the things that may go wrong and their weaknesses that can greatly affect one?s confidence. More severe cases of people with social anxiety disorder cannot find the strength to go to work or school and even can not go outside their homes because of the fear of who they might meet.
People who are suffering from social anxiety refuse to allow new things to happen in their lives or new people to come into their lives. They take comfort in few things and people that they have known all their life.
A lot of people are intimidated to seek for an expert?s advice or a doctor?s help when they are dealing with social anxiety. The mere act of going to the doctor?s clinic and putting yourself in the situation where there is a tendency that the doctor might find out that you are suffering from a problem can be nerve wracking for anyone especially to those people who have this particular anxiety disorder.
If you think that you have the symptoms of social anxiety disorder, it will be best to see an expert so you can get all the help that you need to eliminate the issue. An anxiety disorder cure can be found through the aid of Hypnotherapists, Psychologists & NLP Practitioners. The sooner you seek help from experts, the sooner you will feel better about yourself and your life so you can start enjoying the most valued joys of life - Our relationships, whether that be business, family, social life or intimate.
Through re-training the brain to process external factors in different ways sufferers of social anxiety disorder can be free of this condition in often just one 3 hour session. If you know the person suffering from this common disorder - then please help them as they will probably not have the strength to help themselves.
Author's Bio:?
Neil Harris believes that hypnosis for anxiety is an excellent method for treatment of these kinds of disorders. Following the same path Adam Cumberland, London?s Harley Street based hypnotherapist has given a new direction to hypnotherapy London.He has also been providing treatment for problems like social anxiety disorder,people phobia and weight loss.
It is often difficult to accept people for who they are. We may judge people for their flaws, but being able to accept others can help you lead a happier and more satisfying life.
Experts have written many books and offered countless words of advice to share how to be more accepting of other people. Below are some of my favorite tips to be more understanding and less judgmental of friends, family and acquaintances.
One must first have a strong sense of self in order to accept others, Stephanie Somanchi, a life coach, said in an email.
?Accepting others begins with accepting ourselves,? Somanchi said. ?Usually, the disapproval we feel is a reflection of an inner aspect we reject in ourselves. By focusing on self-approval we gain the strength to do what is best first for ourselves, which then dissolves the need to judge others.?
In another email interview, Liz Friedman, director MotherWoman, a nonprofit organization that empowers and helps mothers through support groups, said that when women are more open and accepting to others, they begin to have more self-confidence and accept themselves.
She has four strategies that will help you work on your acceptance skills:
1. ?Refrain from giving advice and trying to solve the ?problem.? We want to help. It's a natural instinct. But often that instinct to help is experienced as criticism. Remember the last time someone gave you advice??
2. ?Just listen. This is the most tremendous gift that we can give anyone. Our listening allows them to think more fully, connect with us more deeply and show us who they are and what their challenges are.?
3. ?Remind yourself that every person is doing the very best that they can do under the given circumstances. With support, compassion and encouragement they will be able to act on their best intelligence and seek the support and advice they need.?
4. ?Practice, practice, practice. Every moment is a new moment to practice acceptance and non-judgement. Don't criticize yourself for the internal critical voices in your head. We all have been trained in judging others from an early age. It will take time to unlearn this habit.?
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New (or returning) members post here to announce your arrival and be greeted by our wonderful community. Also, if you're going away on leave, post here and we'll say our goodbyes. Hello everyone I new and I play just about any type of roleplay there is around and I just love anime. I am very good coming up with Ideas for character and what not when it comes to fantasy based Rps. I dont have much for A life so I can post often for those who need me to.
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From form to function: 2013 DOE JGI Community Sequencing Program portfolio announcedPublic release date: 17-Oct-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: David Gilbert degilbert@lbl.gov 925-296-5643 DOE/Joint Genome Institute
For architects, "form to function" means designing a building that best serves its intended purpose. For genomics researchers, the term could be applied to the ongoing transition from not just studying the genetic code of an organism, but also understanding what roles those genes play in the biology of the organism that encodes them. Several projects selected for the 2013 Community Sequencing Program (CSP) portfolio of the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI) are planning large-scale studies that take this next step by moving beyond basic genome sequences to the RNA transcripts (RNASeq) that represent genes "turned on" under different circumstances, and examining the circumstances under which they are required, giving hints about what they do. Another approach being employed in some of the projects involves transposon mutagenesis (TnSeq), a method of generating large sets of random mutations in target DNA. These techniques will allow the DOE JGI to study in greater depth the genomes and activities of organisms that have potential applications in energy and environment.
The organisms featured in these proposals come from a wide variety of environments. They run the gamut from a microbe found nearly two miles below the earth's surface in a South African gold mine, to bacteria in the coastal waters off the west Antarctic Peninsula, to crops that could be grown in several regions across the United States and provide a renewable, sustainable source of biomass for biofuels, to fungal pathogens that pose a threat to energy crop yields.
All the projects selected (29 out of 108 full proposals) combine sequence data generation with large-scale experimental and computational capabilities to enable fuller functional genome annotation. Researchers submitted proposals for projects that cover topics such as plant-microbe interactions, microbes involved in carbon capture and greenhouse gas emission, and the study of microbial communities from environmental niches, or metagenomics. The project proposals were reviewed by an outside review panel. The total allocation for the CSP 2013 portfolio will likely exceed 30 trillion bases (terabases or Tb)the microbial, fungal and plant equivalent of 10,000 human genomes.
Two DNA synthesis projects have been selected for the CSP portfolio. One proposal came from Jef Boeke of Johns Hopkins University, who is heading the Synthetic Yeast genome project known as Sc 2.0. This project intends to design, construct, and replace the native genome of baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) with a fully synthetic version. As part of Sc 2.0, the DOE JGI will synthesize chromosome IV. At half a million basepairs, this is the largest chromosome of the 12-million base genome. Yeast is one of the most common microbial "platforms" for the production of fuels and other chemicals and is playing a key role in bioenergy research.
Included in the five plant projects selected is the Gene Atlas Pilot Project led by Gary Stacey, the Director of the University of Missouri Center for Sustainable Energy. The project aims to develop a comprehensive index of gene expression for several plant species deemed DOE JGI Flagship plants. These include the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, soybean (Glycine max), the moss Physcomitrella patens, poplar (Populus trichocarpa), and foxtail millet (Setaria italica).
"Now that we have generated these sequences at great expense, we need to add information to convert them into functional models," the researchers noted in their proposal.
The expression responses of each of the five plants will be studied under a variety of environmental conditions, and the team also plans to study another five DOE JGI Flagship plants and three comparative model species. The comparative study across the 13 plant species will focus on the nitrogen metabolism in these plants and their impact on gene expression from algae to the grasses.
Another project selected for the CSP 2013 portfolio is led by Duke University's Kathryn Picard and focuses on understanding the symbiotic relationship between a fungus and its algal partner. Isolated in Australia from the soil of an Antarctic beech forest, the fungus Rhizidium phycophilum helps the alga Bracteacoccus. Sequencing both of these genomes and particularly the section of the genomes with functional information, noted the team in their proposal, could lead to the identification of algal genes that can help increase algal biomass for biofuel applications.
From the seven fungal projects approved, one proposal aims to do for them what the ENCODE project is working toward for the Human Genome Project. Led by University of California, Berkeley researcher N. Louise Glass, the Fungal Nutritional ENCODE project aims to comprehensively map out the nutritional and metabolic regulatory networks of Neurospora crassa, which grows on decaying plant biomass, in order to identify and improve the productivity of cellulases that can be harnessed for industrial biofuel production.
Another project is the Mycorrhizal Genomics Initiative, led by Francis Martin of the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA). The team plans to study that fraction of the genome that is transcribed into RNA or the transcriptome in several dozen species of fungi that form symbiotic relationships with plants to learn more about the mechanisms by which these interactions take place. Symbiotic fungi provide plants with nutrients and water and play key roles in managing carbon and nitrogen levels in the forest ecosystems.
There were 15 microbial and metagenome projects selected, and many of them call for the use of single-cell genomics to study hard-to-culture microbes and metatranscriptomics to focus on the portion of the genome that encodes gene expression.
Two of the selected projects are collaborations with several national labs. Funded by the Department of Energy, the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE) is focused on learning more about the response of the arctic ecosystem to the changing climate so that scientists can develop better simulations for climate change models. Berkeley Lab earth scientist Janet Jansson is the lead on the CSP project, which focuses on the genomics of microbial communities isolated from samples cored out of the permafrost in Barrow, Alaska. The frozen soils store a large amount of carbon, and rising global temperatures have also raised concerns about the potential outcomes when the permafrost thaws and the trapped carbon could be released into the atmosphere. The NGEE consortium also includes researchers from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratory and Las Alamos National Laboratory, as well as collaborators from two universities, contributing expertise in fields ranging from microbial ecology to climate modeling.
Another large-scale project exploits an earlier CSP project to fill in gaps in the Tree of Life. In 2007 the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea (GEBA) started sequencing uncultivated microbes from less explored branches ("microbial dark matter"); to date, more than 250 microbial genomes have been completed under this project. The Functional Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea (FEBA) project in the CSP 2013 portfolio plans to employ a high-throughput approach known as transposon mutagenesis and sequencing to determine the gene functions in the genomes of 40 DOE-mission relevant microbes. The project is led by Berkeley Lab's Adam Deutschbauer.
"While advances in high throughput DNA sequencing have made microbial genome sequencing easy, the functional annotation of genomes remains extremely hard," Deutschbauer and his colleagues noted in their proposal. "There is therefore a great demand for novel high-throughput approaches to determine gene function from phylogenetically diverse microbes."
The full list of projects that make up the CSP 2013 portfolio, supported by the DOE Office of Science, may be found at http://www.jgi.doe.gov/sequencing/cspseqplans2013.html. The DOE JGI Community Sequencing Program also accepts proposals for smaller microbial and resequencing projects on a quarterly basis. For more information about the annual and quarterly CSP calls for proposals, go to http://www.jgi.doe.gov/CSP/index.html
###
The U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, supported by the DOE Office of Science, is committed to advancing genomics in support of DOE missions related to clean energy generation and environmental characterization and cleanup. DOE JGI, headquartered in Walnut Creek, Calif., provides integrated high-throughput sequencing and computational analysis that enable systems-based scientific approaches to these challenges. Follow @doe_jgi on Twitter.
DOE's Office of Science is the largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States, and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, please visit science.energy.gov.
[ | E-mail | Share ]
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
From form to function: 2013 DOE JGI Community Sequencing Program portfolio announcedPublic release date: 17-Oct-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: David Gilbert degilbert@lbl.gov 925-296-5643 DOE/Joint Genome Institute
For architects, "form to function" means designing a building that best serves its intended purpose. For genomics researchers, the term could be applied to the ongoing transition from not just studying the genetic code of an organism, but also understanding what roles those genes play in the biology of the organism that encodes them. Several projects selected for the 2013 Community Sequencing Program (CSP) portfolio of the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI) are planning large-scale studies that take this next step by moving beyond basic genome sequences to the RNA transcripts (RNASeq) that represent genes "turned on" under different circumstances, and examining the circumstances under which they are required, giving hints about what they do. Another approach being employed in some of the projects involves transposon mutagenesis (TnSeq), a method of generating large sets of random mutations in target DNA. These techniques will allow the DOE JGI to study in greater depth the genomes and activities of organisms that have potential applications in energy and environment.
The organisms featured in these proposals come from a wide variety of environments. They run the gamut from a microbe found nearly two miles below the earth's surface in a South African gold mine, to bacteria in the coastal waters off the west Antarctic Peninsula, to crops that could be grown in several regions across the United States and provide a renewable, sustainable source of biomass for biofuels, to fungal pathogens that pose a threat to energy crop yields.
All the projects selected (29 out of 108 full proposals) combine sequence data generation with large-scale experimental and computational capabilities to enable fuller functional genome annotation. Researchers submitted proposals for projects that cover topics such as plant-microbe interactions, microbes involved in carbon capture and greenhouse gas emission, and the study of microbial communities from environmental niches, or metagenomics. The project proposals were reviewed by an outside review panel. The total allocation for the CSP 2013 portfolio will likely exceed 30 trillion bases (terabases or Tb)the microbial, fungal and plant equivalent of 10,000 human genomes.
Two DNA synthesis projects have been selected for the CSP portfolio. One proposal came from Jef Boeke of Johns Hopkins University, who is heading the Synthetic Yeast genome project known as Sc 2.0. This project intends to design, construct, and replace the native genome of baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) with a fully synthetic version. As part of Sc 2.0, the DOE JGI will synthesize chromosome IV. At half a million basepairs, this is the largest chromosome of the 12-million base genome. Yeast is one of the most common microbial "platforms" for the production of fuels and other chemicals and is playing a key role in bioenergy research.
Included in the five plant projects selected is the Gene Atlas Pilot Project led by Gary Stacey, the Director of the University of Missouri Center for Sustainable Energy. The project aims to develop a comprehensive index of gene expression for several plant species deemed DOE JGI Flagship plants. These include the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, soybean (Glycine max), the moss Physcomitrella patens, poplar (Populus trichocarpa), and foxtail millet (Setaria italica).
"Now that we have generated these sequences at great expense, we need to add information to convert them into functional models," the researchers noted in their proposal.
The expression responses of each of the five plants will be studied under a variety of environmental conditions, and the team also plans to study another five DOE JGI Flagship plants and three comparative model species. The comparative study across the 13 plant species will focus on the nitrogen metabolism in these plants and their impact on gene expression from algae to the grasses.
Another project selected for the CSP 2013 portfolio is led by Duke University's Kathryn Picard and focuses on understanding the symbiotic relationship between a fungus and its algal partner. Isolated in Australia from the soil of an Antarctic beech forest, the fungus Rhizidium phycophilum helps the alga Bracteacoccus. Sequencing both of these genomes and particularly the section of the genomes with functional information, noted the team in their proposal, could lead to the identification of algal genes that can help increase algal biomass for biofuel applications.
From the seven fungal projects approved, one proposal aims to do for them what the ENCODE project is working toward for the Human Genome Project. Led by University of California, Berkeley researcher N. Louise Glass, the Fungal Nutritional ENCODE project aims to comprehensively map out the nutritional and metabolic regulatory networks of Neurospora crassa, which grows on decaying plant biomass, in order to identify and improve the productivity of cellulases that can be harnessed for industrial biofuel production.
Another project is the Mycorrhizal Genomics Initiative, led by Francis Martin of the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA). The team plans to study that fraction of the genome that is transcribed into RNA or the transcriptome in several dozen species of fungi that form symbiotic relationships with plants to learn more about the mechanisms by which these interactions take place. Symbiotic fungi provide plants with nutrients and water and play key roles in managing carbon and nitrogen levels in the forest ecosystems.
There were 15 microbial and metagenome projects selected, and many of them call for the use of single-cell genomics to study hard-to-culture microbes and metatranscriptomics to focus on the portion of the genome that encodes gene expression.
Two of the selected projects are collaborations with several national labs. Funded by the Department of Energy, the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiment (NGEE) is focused on learning more about the response of the arctic ecosystem to the changing climate so that scientists can develop better simulations for climate change models. Berkeley Lab earth scientist Janet Jansson is the lead on the CSP project, which focuses on the genomics of microbial communities isolated from samples cored out of the permafrost in Barrow, Alaska. The frozen soils store a large amount of carbon, and rising global temperatures have also raised concerns about the potential outcomes when the permafrost thaws and the trapped carbon could be released into the atmosphere. The NGEE consortium also includes researchers from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratory and Las Alamos National Laboratory, as well as collaborators from two universities, contributing expertise in fields ranging from microbial ecology to climate modeling.
Another large-scale project exploits an earlier CSP project to fill in gaps in the Tree of Life. In 2007 the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea (GEBA) started sequencing uncultivated microbes from less explored branches ("microbial dark matter"); to date, more than 250 microbial genomes have been completed under this project. The Functional Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea (FEBA) project in the CSP 2013 portfolio plans to employ a high-throughput approach known as transposon mutagenesis and sequencing to determine the gene functions in the genomes of 40 DOE-mission relevant microbes. The project is led by Berkeley Lab's Adam Deutschbauer.
"While advances in high throughput DNA sequencing have made microbial genome sequencing easy, the functional annotation of genomes remains extremely hard," Deutschbauer and his colleagues noted in their proposal. "There is therefore a great demand for novel high-throughput approaches to determine gene function from phylogenetically diverse microbes."
The full list of projects that make up the CSP 2013 portfolio, supported by the DOE Office of Science, may be found at http://www.jgi.doe.gov/sequencing/cspseqplans2013.html. The DOE JGI Community Sequencing Program also accepts proposals for smaller microbial and resequencing projects on a quarterly basis. For more information about the annual and quarterly CSP calls for proposals, go to http://www.jgi.doe.gov/CSP/index.html
###
The U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, supported by the DOE Office of Science, is committed to advancing genomics in support of DOE missions related to clean energy generation and environmental characterization and cleanup. DOE JGI, headquartered in Walnut Creek, Calif., provides integrated high-throughput sequencing and computational analysis that enable systems-based scientific approaches to these challenges. Follow @doe_jgi on Twitter.
DOE's Office of Science is the largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States, and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, please visit science.energy.gov.
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
If you?re one of the thousands of South Florida Homeowners insured by the state-run Citizens? Insurance Program, you may have gotten a letter from them recently. or from another Insurance Company that you?ve probably never heard of.
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It?s all part of a recent effort by Gov. Ric Scott and the Florida Legislature to ?shrink? Citizens? Insurance, and move policy holders in private companies.
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But if you just threw the letters out, you will automatically be ?depopulated? into another company you may nothing about, even though you haven?t approved it.
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It?s called a ?Negative Option? plan and is intentionally aimed at getting as many policyholders as possible off Citizens? Coverage, according to a member of the groups? Board of Directors.
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84,000 Policies have already been ?Taken Out? and it?s believed as many as 210,000 more, mainly based in High Risk Coastal Areas of South Florida, have also been earmarked.
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The goal is reduce Citizens? Exposure and allow Private Companies to take over more ?risk? in the event of a bad Storm.
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But critics argue the way the program is being done does not give homeowners enough information about the new companies that want to take over their policies, or their ability to pay claims in the event of any major storm losses.
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Making the problem even worse?
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There?s a 30 day countdown that expires on Nov. 6th for this recent group of Homeowners ?selected? for depopulation.
In simple language that means if you do nothing and fail to send back the proper ?Opt Out Forms? to just ?Say No?,? you will automatically be removed from Citizen?s Insurance and its? ?Homeowners? Insurance Coverage will be taken over by a new company.
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Citizens? Insurance?s Main Web Page has little information on the plan, so many Homeowners may be frustrated getting more information on ?Just Saying No?, but CBSMiami has found more information for you to decide for yourself if you want to accept the new coverage, or want to opt out and stay with your current Citizens? Policy.
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Still, some customers like Doral?s Waldo Faura say its? new plan is optional, customers can just say no?and he charges Citizens isn?t telling its? customers all the details. Faura adds ?Absolutly not..I think Citizens has been on the path to push insurance policies for the insurance companies? at the expense of the insured and this is another means, another way of doing it.
If you get your letter that a private company wants to take over your Citzens? coverage, you may want to check out its?website for more information.
But when you go to the main web page, there?s virtually no information on its?? depopulation plan.
Dig a little deeper .and you can finally find all the details.
We crunched the numbers for you and found the plan targets some 200-hundred thousand policies thru an automatic negative option aimed at increasing private insurance coverage.
To decline the offer, you have to file a formal opt-out form within 30 days. Citizens has a special hotline set-up to? handle questions at 888-685-1555.
Remember, if you got one of these letters from the state?s citizen?s insurance program, you must formally notify them by November 6th if you want to stay in the program and not be ?taken over? by another company.
You can also get more information from your local insurance agent.
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For More details on the latest ?Insurance Depopulation Plan? and how it may effect your insurance coverage:
New Delhi: Russia on Monday made very clear to India its unhappiness over two key bilateral issues-- Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant (KKNPP) 3 and 4 and investments by its telecom company Sistema in the country, saying rules of the game should never be reconsidered till it is over.
It also stressed that government should "demonstratively" help the business representatives to solve issues emerging during their contact with the bureaucracy, saying business community would stay off, if there were scandals.
External Affairs Minister SM Krishna and Russian Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin co-chaired the Indo-Russian Inter-Governmental Commission meeting on Trade, Economic, Scientific, Technological and Cultural Cooperation (IRIGC-TEC) during which they also deliberated on these contentious issues.
Addressing a joint press conference, the two leaders agreed that efforts have to be made to achieve the desired bilateral trade target of USD 20 billion by 2015.
Outlining three factors to have strong economic relations, Rogozin said it included that "we should never reconsider the rules of the game once the game has begun. And we should hold the rules till the game is over," and added that it was important to fulfil the agreements achieved.
Though he did not mention Sistema, the reference was clear as earlier the allotment was done on first-come-first- serve basis and now there is recommendation by an EGoM (empowered group of ministers) for auctioning of spectrum.
On Sistema, Krishna made it clear that he will not be able to comment on the USD 3.1 billion Russian project as the matter was before the court but gave an assurance that the government will try to work on a strategy to pursue strong economic relations.
Check out this animated GIF. It's the toughest moment of the space shuttle Endeavour's drive across Los Angeles, en route to its permanent retirement place, at the Science Center. More »
Can a book be life-changing? I believe that it can.
Back during my days as a struggling makeup artist, Shakti Gawain's Creative Visualization taught me that the first step to having success is imagining what that could actually look like.
As a high school dropout with low self-esteem, I didn't have much in my own experience to draw from. But then I came up with a practice that I called "reading from my own success story." Anytime there were disappointments or setbacks, I would imagine reading about where I would be once the hurdles were behind me. I even used to see myself sitting down with Oprah talking about the challenges after I'd attained my dreams of becoming a top Hollywood makeup artist and cosmetics entrepreneur.
MORE: My Story: Note to Parents of Sick Kids: Hang in There
A decade later my Cinderella story had made me a pioneer of infomercial marketing with my own line of makeup that would go on to earn over half billion dollars. Incredibly, a call came in one day with an invitation for me to fly to Chicago and appear on Oprah!
Sadly, because of my acute fear of flying, I didn't accept. Eventually, I ?read? my own success story for being able to fly and was able to share family vacations with my husband and three beloved children.
Up until about five years ago, we were living the dream of happily ever after. Then came the nightmarish day when I first heard the acronym NMO (for neuromyelitis optica, also known as Devic's disease) after my otherwise healthy 14-year-old daughter Ali was given a test to determine the cause of eye pain and blurred vision.
A rare autoimmune disease that was once thought to be a severe variant of multiple sclerosis, NMO is a distinct disorder that can potentially blind, cripple, and in some cases kill those it afflicts. A specialist called to inform me and my husband that our beautiful, brilliant Ali tested positive for this dreaded and little understood disease. Though the attack could leave permanent or temporary damage, the doctor gave Ali four years to live.
MORE: NBC Hits Back on Sharon Osbourne's MS Discrimination Charges
With those unacceptable words, I immediately went into (terror-driven) warrior mode. In going from mascara to medicine, I had to educate myself, but was shocked to find almost nothing available online.
Since her first attack in February of 2008 to the present day, Ali has had 36 doctor visits, 60 sets of lab tests, 32 MRIs, 52 IV treatments and 16 full-blown attacks.? We?ve fine-tuned the right combination of medications (including steroids and immune suppressants), supplements and a gluten-free diet for Ali and she has been in remission now for almost two years.?
After establishing the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation with my husband Bill, we moved at warp speed to create global awareness and fund life-saving research to better understand, treat, and one day cure NMO. Our partners are both leading experts at the top medical institutions in the world and visionaries we asked to begin to imagine what a cure would look like.
The way we have approached Ali?s treatment is the same way our foundation has approached NMO?it is multi-dimensional, and in my opinion, that?s the key to our success.?We are actively working to facilitate an industry-sponsored clinical trial, as well as expanding a talented pool of researchers dedicated to this cause.? ?
MORE: My Story: Hello, Nice to Meet You, I Have Lupus
We?hold an annual symposium where researchers from over 12 countries share their findings, we have established the first open-source biorepository and international clinical database for NMO research and we have developed and provided tools and resources to the NMO community to raise awareness, educate, and create support groups locally and globally. ?
Today, miraculously, what was seen as a death sentence for our daughter can be seen as a treatable chronic disease.??Moreover, we have built the largest online resources for NMO educational tools and social networking for patients and advocates and so give hope and solutions to the thousands of other NMO patients who were once left in the dark, or worse, misdiagnosed with MS and potentially on the wrong treatments.
Interestingly enough, Ali used her own form of visualization to defy the odds. In high school, as the captain of her tennis team she led the Buckley School in Sherman Oaks, Calif., to its first ever Women's Tennis CIF championship by imagining the banner hanging in the gym. In the process, she became the first tennis player at Buckley to have her retired jersey hang there too.
Now as a college sophomore making straight As and winning top offices in student government?not to mention being a patient advocate?she is unstoppable. Ali has said that even though she never wanted to be a poster child for this disease, if speaking out on the need for testing and awareness can save lives, then she is honored to play that role.
In writing Saving Each Other: A Mother-Daughter Love Story, Ali and I really hope that our book can change and save lives. Whether it's NMO, another rare disease or mystery illness, whether you are a patient, parent, or physician, don't be afraid to imagine yourself reading the success story that has yet to be written.
Related Stories on TakePart:
? My Story: For Fibromyalgia Sufferers, 'You Don't Look Sick' is a Common Refrain
? Confused About Donating to Breast Cancer Causes? Here's How to Pink Straight
? Growing an Ear, With the Help of an Arm
Victoria Jackson is co-author, with daughter Ali Guthy, of Saving Each Other: A Mother-Daughter Love Story and is co-founder of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation.
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Public release date: 17-Oct-2012
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New Delhi: Russia on Monday made very clear to India its unhappiness over two key bilateral issues-- Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant (KKNPP) 3 and 4 and investments by its telecom company Sistema in the country, saying rules of the game should never be reconsidered till it is over.
